The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, to break down and then digest food.If the pancreatic duct becomes clogged, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to break down the organ, leading to inflammation and pancreatitis.In the modern world, pancreatitis is a common disease.A person with an unhealthy lifestyle is more susceptible to disease than others: smoking, abusing alcohol and eating junk food.The causes of the disease are very diverse:
- Drink alcohol.
- Poor nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal trauma.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Postoperative complications (about 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate factors that influence the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is the result of trauma or another disease, such as gallstones, it can be cured.
Basic nutrition for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, this disease usually cannot be completely cured but it is possible to stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce recurrence.Nutrition for pancreatitis is of great importance.The acute condition is relieved by medication;Dietary nutrition remains primary.
The basic nutritional principle for pancreatitis is not to burden the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food must be easily digestible without causing fermentation.You need to eat regularly, divided into small portions.A smaller portion means less load on the diseased organ.During exacerbation, frequent divided meals are excluded.The less a person eats, the better.Meal breaks reach 12 hours.For pancreatitis, warm, soft foods are welcome.
It is important for patients with pancreatitis to study in detail what should not be consumed specifically, what foods should be avoided when suffering from pancreatitis and what foods are allowed to eat.
Authorized product
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Diet meat: lean beef, rabbit, white part of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, low-acid cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content of the product.Fresh cheese no more than 2%, preferably low-fat.Fermented baked milk, sour cream, cream should be excluded.
- Lean fish.The best is cod.
- Cereals and any type of pasta.
- Vegetables do not cause strong vitality.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkins, zucchini.
- Fruits: only green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, persimmons.Fruit should be grilled.
- Weak tea, dried fruit or berry juice.
Prohibited products
- Alcohol.Even drinks with a low alcohol content will have to be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, desserts, cakes, pastries, baked goods and other products contain a lot of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Spices, spices, salt, smoked meat.
- Fermented vegetables: white cabbage, radish, onion, garlic, spinach, radish.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, black or dark green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged juices.
- Cereals and porridge: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Beans, mushrooms, nuts.
During remission, light relaxation is allowed.For example, you can drink weak coffee with milk.For dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive oil or flaxseed oil.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretions are not recommended for people with pancreatitis.However, in addition to the severity of the condition, it is allowed to eat soup with vegetable broth.A spoonful of honey for dessert will not do any good.
Although there are few foods available for pancreatitis, a well-designed menu will give the diet variety.
Types of pancreatitis and nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, the doctor will prescribe appropriate treatment methods and diet.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in the hospital.This is a serious condition and can be fatal if medical attention is not received immediately.In addition to the surgical intervention performed, in case of acute pancreatitis the following conditions must be met:
- Bed rest.
- Impaired pancreatic function.
- Treatment with medication.
- Starvation diet.
During exacerbation of pancreatitis, fasting is indicated.The diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water is suitable, gases need to be released, black or green tea or weak rose water, just clean water.If the patient's condition is severe, fasting must last up to seven days and nutrients are provided intravenously.
The diet for patients with acute pancreatitis immediately after fasting should be light.It is allowed to eat oatmeal, mucous soup and boiled rice.The basic rule during an exacerbation is that food is introduced gradually.In the first days, the food is low in calories, high in mucus and does not irritate the digestive tract.Volume and calorie content increase as recovery progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and periodic pain.Attacks are triggered by drinking alcohol and irritating foods.
To prevent frequent recurrences and relieve pain, the pancreatitis diet should be maintained for life.The diet must contain proteins of plant and animal origin.But the amount of fat is reduced to a limit.Handle carbohydrates carefully.The diet for chronic pancreatitis is carefully developed so that even though the list of allowed foods is small, the patient still receives the necessary nutrients.Additionally, vitamins may be prescribed.
Diet to treat pancreatitis
How to eat properly when you have pancreatitis so as not to harm the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed special therapeutic diets for patients with pancreatitis.It is called Pevzner diet No. 5. And although diet therapy has changed over the years, nutrition for the treatment of pancreatitis is still based on diet No. 5. In case of exacerbation, Pevzner diet No. 5p is prescribed.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite diverse.Diet number 5 allows milk sausages and doctor sausages.Although, given modern realities, it is better to refuse sausages.If you want, try making your own sausage.First, before diet foods become a habit, it is better to draw up a menu for the week and buy the necessary products according to the list.You should avoid unnecessary trips to the store, anticipating the possibility of purchasing prohibited products.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: Finely ground oatmeal, boil until thick.Weak green tea.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes with steamed turkey cutlets, berry compote.
- Snack: Grilled green apple.
- Dinner: Pumpkin porridge with semolina, weak black tea.
- Before bed: Low-fat cheese.
Day two:
- Breakfast: Omelette steamed or baked in the oven, rosehip juice.
- Snack: Boiled carrots with a minimal amount of oil.
- Lunch: Pureed vegetable soup.Crispy cookies.Add a spoonful of vegetable oil.Dried fruit juice.
- Snack: Cheese sandwich, weak green tea.
- Dinner: Boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Top with 10% sour cream.
- Before going to bed: Yogurt.
Day three:
- Breakfast: Rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Cheese stew, prepared with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: Pasta and steamed meatballs made from lean beef.Dried fruit juice.
- Snack: grilled pear.
- Dinner: Buckwheat milk soup.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: Yogurt.
Day four:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boiled or grilled radish.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Snack: lean bread, jelly.
- Dinner: Milk noodles.
- Before going to bed: Kefir.
Day five:
- Breakfast: Steamed omelet, black tea.It is convenient to cook omelets in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a food storage bag, tie it tightly, and place it in boiling water.The omelette will cook much faster than with steam without losing its properties.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable soup with meatballs (meatballs prepared separately), stew.
- Snack: Sandwich with avocado and avocado, rose hips.
- Dinner: Buckwheat with steamed cutlets, jelly.
- Before bed: low-fat cheese.
Day six:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge cooked in water, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: green apple fruit jelly.
- Lunch: Pureed pumpkin soup, maybe add a little milk or broth.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Dinner: Rice with turkey or chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Before going to bed: Fruit jelly.
Saturday:
- Breakfast: Buckwheat milk soup.Milk is best diluted.
- Snack: banana.
- Lunch: Vermicelli, steamed rabbit, stew.
- Snack: Cheese casserole, spoon of honey.
- Dinner: Steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before going to bed: Yogurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described;can diversify the portfolio with authorized products.The main thing is to comply with the conditions:
- Eat food from the area where you live.Unusual fruits and vegetables are not good for you;they are brought to green stores.
- Compote is prepared from dried fruits with the addition of berries: cranberries, blueberries, blackcurrants.You are not allowed to drink fruit juice regularly.Remember - the concentration of the drink is higher than compote and can cause irritation of mucous membranes.
- Heat-treated products must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits should only be eaten in cooked form.
- Pancreatitis treatment products must be fresh and of high quality.The body of a healthy person can cope with sour cheese or soup a week.Such a diet during a time when the pancreas is inflamed will make the disease worse.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after acute exacerbation
After an exacerbation, it is necessary to carefully introduce foods, starting with a small amount of calories, gradually increasing to normal levels.Food during the first week was poor.After eating, you need to monitor your condition;If it worsens, be sure to consult a doctor.
First day after fasting:
- Dry bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of water.
Day two:
- The rice soup was slimy.
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rosehip juice, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of water.
Day three:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, thin, thick, cooked in water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Rusk Cake.Weak black or rosehip tea.
Day four:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge on water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Cookies.Kissel.
Day five:
- Breakfast: Buckwheat milk soup.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree from potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: Cookies.Compote.
Day six:
- Breakfast: Protein-rich omelet.
- Lunch: Sticky rice soup.
- Dinner: Vegetable puree from pumpkin and zucchini.Black tea.
Saturday:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal cooked with thin milk.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: Low-fat cheese.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: Oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, after 10-14 days, the return to the basic diet will take place.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person ignores his condition and does not adhere to proper nutrition when suffering from pancreatitis, such behavior will lead to a constant exacerbation of the condition.Chronic recurrent pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.The continuous progression of the disease increases the area of cell damage, leading to complete atrophy of the organ and the development of concomitant diseases - cholecystitis, duodenal ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
The diet of patients with pancreatitis is the basis for a long and quality life.